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Structured Neural Architectures

Pooling

Pooling summarizes nearby feature values to reduce detail while keeping useful local signals.

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Pooling

Definition

Pooling is an operation that summarizes nearby values.

Basic idea:

local group of values -> summary value

Example summaries:

maximum value
average value

Pooling reduces local detail into a smaller representation.


Why Pooling Is Used

Pooling can reduce the size of a representation.

Example:

large feature map -> smaller feature map

This can reduce computation and make later layers work with more compact information.

Pooling compresses local feature information.


Max Pooling

Max pooling takes the largest value in a local region.

Example:

[0.1, 0.7, 0.2, 0.4] -> 0.7

This keeps the strongest local response.

Max pooling asks which feature response was strongest nearby.


Average Pooling

Average pooling takes the average of nearby values.

Example:

[0.1, 0.7, 0.2, 0.4] -> 0.35

This preserves a smoother summary of the region.

Average pooling summarizes the overall local response.


Final Summary

  • Pooling summarizes nearby feature values.
  • It can reduce representation size.
  • Max pooling keeps the strongest local response.
  • Average pooling keeps an average local response.
  • Pooling removes some detail while preserving useful signals.
  • It is often used with convolutional representations.

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